Bioremoval of Iron From Water Sources by Using One Species of Micro Algae (Chlorella Vulgaris)

Abstract

Background: The disruption of aquatic ecosystems caused by heavy metals pollution from industrial and local sources leads to loss of biodiversity, as well as increased bioaccumulation and amplification of toxic substances in the food chain. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of an isolated green alga Chlorella vulgaris in the removal of iron (Fe3+) from solutions. Methods: experimental study was performed using a wide range of metal solutions on the growth of the algal cultures. Chlorophyll (a), (b) and total cell counting of the isolated alga were estimated for different concentrations of iron (Fe3+) during the experimental period. Results: The data indicate that the low doses of iron (Fe3+) had stimulatory effect on the production of the Chlorella vulgaris, while higher concentrations showed an inhibitory effects, depending on the metal concentration, time of exposure and algal sensitivity. Chlorella vulgaris recorded a removal efficiency of 86.5% for Fe3+. Therefore, the studied algae provide a good system for the bioaccumulation of the tested heavy metal (Fe3+). The morphological and anatomical changes in Chlorella vulgaris by heavy metal (Fe3+) were considered by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). These investigations exhibited some changes in algal form and cellular components for Chlorella vulgaris. Conclusion: We conclude that Chlorella sp. can be used as a bioaccumulator for Fe3+ removal process