Angiographic Characteristics of Young and Older Yemeni Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Coronary Angiography at Cardiac Center in Al-Thowrah Hospital, Sana, a City-Yemen

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease accounts for the greatest proportion of CVDs and is one of the most common causes of death in the developed countries. Aim: to identify the risk factor and angiographic characteristics of CAD among young and older patients presented with IHD. Methods: A total of 555 patients underwent diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled between January and June 2013. Patient admitted in ward as one-day admission and discharged 6 hours after the procedure. Demographic data, clinical findings, details of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings were recorded. The traditional cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, Khat chewing, family history and diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia) were noted. The patient included were patients with stable angina, post-myocardial infarction and pre-operative coronary angiography before valve replacement. A written consent form was signed by the patient and his or her relatives was obtained before the procedure. Results: Most of the patients in the study were diagnosed as post MI angina. High percentage of diabetes and hypertension among the older group in comparison to the younger group (P-value <0.05). 50% of the younger group were smokers in comparison to 23.8% in older group with statistically significant difference (P-value =0.000). Family history of IHD was higher in the younger age group than that in the older age group but not significant (P-value = 0.129).. Significant left main disease was more than double in younger group (3.7%) when compared older group (1.9%). about one-third of younger group had significant LAD lesion while small number of older patient had significant LAD lesion (P-value = 0.037). The involvement of RCA was significantly higher in older group than in younger group (P-value=0.001). Although the prevalence of LCX disease was higher in older than younger group (P-value = 0.59). It is found that LAD was commonly involved vessel in the young group (31.5%) in comparison to older group (1.6%) while left circumflex artery and right coronary artery was common in in the older group. Conclusion: Smoking, family history of cardiovascular diseases, and Khat chewing high in the young patients but hypertension and diabetes were high in old patients.